Difference between c++ and java is nothing more than majorly the addition of various features.
Both c++ and Java is a programming language basically used for various applications development.
But to know the difference between c++ and Java, one must go through the detailed study of both the programming languages separately.
Programming Language c++
The continuous or increased use of High-level programming language demands for System programming language or low-level programming language.
The system programming languages are directly accessible to the hardware facilities as well as also provides high-level control structure.
This demand for low-level programming language got fulfilled with the creation of c++. It was created as an extension of the programming language c or can say c with classes.
C++ is a general-purpose, object-oriented as well as functional, low-level manipulator.
It is also used as a compiled language, with the compilers provided by the vendors like Microsoft, IBM, Intel, Oracle and many others.
It is designed as being biased towards both programmings as well as an embedded system. It works with resource constraint software applications including desktop apps, video games, various servers with efficiency and flexibility.
c++ is standardized initially in the year 1998 by the International Organization for Standardization as ISO/ISE 14882: 1998 and earliest in the year 2017 as of December ISO/IEC 14882: 2017.
However, in between these, various versions of c++ got amended.
Development of the programming language c++
While doing PhD with programming languages, Stroustrup, found that Simula has features which were very helpful for large software development but too slow for practical usage.
Whereas, BCPL was too low-level programming language to be suitable for large software development.
And after being motivated and experiencing various thesis in programming language while doing PhD course, Bjarne Stroustrup, a Danish computer scientist, in the year 1979 started working with the programming language c or c with classes.
Initially, Stroustrup’s added features to the programming language C with classes like C compiler, Cpre, derived classes, strong typing, inlining and default arguments.
In the year 1982, the successor to the c with classes, named, c++[] including virtual functioning, function name and operator, overloading, references, constants, improved type checking and BCPL type single-line comments with two forward slashes was developed with a compiler, Cfront.
In the year 1984, Bjarne implemented the first stream input/output library.
While in the year 1985, the first edition of c++ which became the definitive reference for the language was released.
In the year 1989, c++2.0 version was released having features like multiple inheritances, abstract classes, static member functions, const member functions get included.
Further in the year 1990, The Annotated c++ Reference Manual having features like templates, exceptions, namespaces, new casts and the Boolean type was added.
However, in the year 1998, the programming language having version c++ 98 got released.
Similarly, in the year 2003, a minor update having version c++ 03 was released.
Slowly, increasing in the year 2011, the version c++ 11 having features like enlarging the standard, library etc. was released.
Thus, a minor update in the month of December of the year 2014 with the version c++ 14 and in the year 2017, version c++ 17 were introduced.
In February 2020, c++ 20 standard became technically finalized, and draft was approved on 4th September 2020, and by the end of 2020, it would get published.
Syntax of the programming language c++
The programming language c++ has two main components.
The very first one is a direct mapping of the hardware, which is a feature primarily provided by the c subset.
While the other component is a zero-overhead abstraction based on the direct mappings.
The creator of c++, Bjarne Stroustrup, describes it as a lightweight programming language for building and using efficient and elegant abstractions.
It offers both hardware access as well as abstractions, and it mostly inherits c’s syntax.
Uses of the programming language c++
The programming language c++ are used in a wide range for the development of various applications which are based on Adobe Photoshop, with her friendly to graphic interface.
As c++ allows intensive functions of CPU to provide control over hardware and the language is very fast, hence it is used for developing various 3D games as it overrides its complexities.
Various animated software is also developed with the help of c++ language. Software including 3D animations, simulations, renders are used basically for image processing, mobile sensor applications, modelling, visual effects etc.
Being efficient in every aspect the programming language c++ is used for developing various browsers like Google Chrome Mozilla Firefox etc.
As c++ is an independent platform and able to create various software, hence compilers like c#, java are written in this language.
Along with this, the language c++ is also used for the development of various operating systems like Microsoft Windows, XP, office, Internet Explorer Apple operating system etc.
Programming Language Java
Java is a general-purpose, class-based as well as object-oriented programming language.
Java is designed to have few implementation dependencies and also intended to let application developers Write Once, run anywhere WORA.
WORA means that compiled Java code runs on all the platforms which support Java without recompilation.
The syntax of Java is similar to the programming language c++ but has few low-level facilities in comparison to that.
The programming language Java is actually developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems which was acquired by Oracle in the year 1995.
Many Java compilers, virtual machines and class libraries were released by Sun Microsystems under Property License.
While the Sun Microsystem has relicensed many Java technologies under General Public License.
The latest versions of Java are Java 15, which was released in the month of September 2020, Java 11, long term support version which was released on September 25, 2018.
Besides this, Java 8 was updated in the year 2019 for commercial use.
Also Read: Difference between C and C++
Development of the programming language java
Java language project began in the year 1991 by the scientists named James Gosling, Mike Sheridan and Patrick Naughton.
Initially, Java was designed for interactive television, but it was too advanced at the time to work for the digital cable television.
The programming language was initially called Oak after an Oak tree, outside Gosling’s office. Later, it was replaced with the name Green.
Finally, it was named Java taking the name from Java coffee of Indonesia.
The very first public implementation of Java took place in the year 1996 as Java 1.0 by Sun Microsystems.
It worked with the function of Write Once, Run Anywhere WORA, which provides no-cost run times on other popular platforms.
Soon, various web browsers incorporated the ability to run Java applets within web pages, and Java quickly became popular.
Java 2, which was released as J2SE 1.2 in December 1998 have new versions with multiple configurations which was built for different types of platform.
Later, J2EE includes technologies and APIs for enterprise applications while J2ME features APIs optimized for mobile applications which was further renamed as J2SE.
In the year 1997, Sun microsystems approached ISO/IEC JTC 1 standards body to formalize Java but soon ended.
On November 13, 2006, Sun released Java virtual machine as free and open-source software under the terms GNU General Public License.
Java software runs on everything from laptops to data centres, game consoles to a scientific supercomputer.
Syntax of the programming language java
The syntax of the programming language Java was influenced by c and c++.
However, unlike c++, which combines the syntax for structured, generic and object-oriented programming, Java was built almost as an object-oriented language.
In Java, all code is written inside classes, and every data item is an object-oriented except integers, floating-point numbers, boolean values and characters.
Java does not support operator overloading or multiple inheritances for classes.
Uses of the programming language Java
Java is used to build cloud-based application services, Web APIs, client applications and many others.
Java has the ability to work anywhere, and hence it fits perfectly into the modern mix of cloud, mobile and desktop applications design to function the same way.
NASA uses Java for a number of interesting applications.
Besides this, smart vending machines are Java-based, using software to track inventory, temperature, humidity and location.
In addition to this, many wearable technology applications, self-driving applications, virtual helping doctors applications are built in Java.